Housing Information in California
Finding a place to live is one of the most critical steps for immigrants moving to California. Housing in California can be expensive, particularly in major cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco, and San Diego. This section provides detailed information on housing options, how to rent or buy a home, tenant rights, and key tips for navigating the housing market.
Types of Housing in California
Apartments
Apartments are common for individuals and small families, especially in urban areas.
mot apartments require a lease agreement (typically 6-12 months)
Single-Family Homes
For larger families, renting or buying a single-family home may be preferable
Single-family homes offer more space and privacy but are more expensive than apartments
Shared Housing
Shared housing (renting a room in a house or apartment) is a more affordable option, especially in high-cost cities
this option is popular among students, single workers, and recent immigrants
Temporary Housing
Temporary housing options include motels, extended-stay hotels, and short-term rentals (e.g., Airbnb).
Non-profit organizations and shelters may offer temporary housing for immigrants in need
How to Rent a Home in California
Step 1: Search for Housing
Use online platforms like Zillow, Craigslist, or Apartments.com to find available rentals.
Visit local housing offices or community centers for rental listings.
Be cautious of scams (e.g., landlords asking for money before you see the property)
If possible, visit the property in person before signing a lease
Step 2: Understand the Lease Agreement
A lease is a legal contract between a tenant and a landlord outlining the terms of the rental
Key Terms to Look For:
Rent Amount and Due Date- Make sure the rent amount and payment schedule are clear.
Security Deposit- The maximum security deposit in California is 2 month’s rent for an unfurnished apartment and 3 month’s rent for a furnished one
Maintenance and Repairs- The lease should state who is responsible for maintenance and repairs
Subletting and Guests- Some leases restrict subletting or long-term guests
Step 3: Pay the required Fees
Most landlords require the first month’s rent and a security deposit upfront.
Some may also charge an application fee (capped at $59.67 as of 2024)
Step 4: Move In
Once the lease is signed and the payments are made, the tenant can move in
It’s a good idea to take pictures of the property before moving in to document its condition
How to Buy a Home in California
Step 1: Check Your Eligibility
Credit Score- Most lenders require a credit score of at least 620
Down Payment- A down payment of 3% to 20% of the home’s price is typically required
Employment and Income Verification- Lenders will ask for proof of stable income (pay stubs, tax returns)
Step 2: Apply for a Mortgage
Immigrants can apply for a mortgage even without citizenship, as long as they have legal status (e.g., green card holders, DACA recipients)
Some bankers offer ITIN mortgages for undocumented immigrants without SSNs (social security numbers).
Step 3: Find a Property
Work with a real estate agent who understand the needs of immigrants and can help find properties within your budget
Step 4: Close the Deal
Once a property is chosen, the buyer will sign a purchase agreement and complete the mortgage process
Key Tips for Immigrants Seeking Housing
Build a Good Rental History
Paying rent on time and keeping the property in good condition can help when applying for future rentals
Understanding your Lease
Always read the lease carefully and ask questions before signing
Keep Copies of Documents
Maintain copies of your lease agreement, rent receipts, and any communication with your landlord
Know Your Rights
Familiarize yourself with tenant laws and seek legal help if needed
Tenant Rights in California
California has some of the strongest tenant protections in the U.S. These laws ensure that tenants are treated fairly and have safe living conditions.
Key Rights for Tenants:
Right to a habitable Home
landlords must provide a safe and habitable living environment (e.g., working plumbing, heating, and no infestations).
Right to Privacy
Landlord must give 24 hours’ written notice before entering the property, except in emergencies.
Rent Control
Some cities, such as Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Oakland, have rent control laws that limit how much rent can increase annually.
Eviction Protections
Under the California Tenant Protections Act (AB1482), Tenants can only be evicted for specific reasons, such as non-payment of rent or lease violations
What to Do if Rights are Violated:
File a complaint
Tenants can file a complaint with local housing authorities
Seek Legal Aid
Organizations like Tenants Together and Legal Aid Foundation of Los Angeles offer free or low-cost legal help
Affordable Housing Programs
Housing costs in California can be very high, but several programs aim to help low-income immigrants
Section 8 Housing Choice Voucher Program
This federal program provides vouchers to help low-income families pay for housing in the private market
Eligibility: Based on income and family Size
How to Apply: Through local public housing agencies (PHAs). There may be long waiting lists.
Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) Properties
LIHTC properties offer reduced rent to low-income tenants
How to Find: Search for LIHTC properties through online directories or local housing offices
Public Housing
Public housing units are managed by local PHAs and offer affordable rent to eligible families
How to Apply: Contact the nearest PHA for application details
Homelessness Resources
California has a significant homelessness issue, and many non-profit organizations and government programs offer help
Emergency Shelters
Provide temporary housing and support services
Transitional Housing Programs
Help individuals and families move from homelessness to stable housing
Permanent Supportive Housing
Offers long-term housing with support services for people with disabilities or chronic homelessness
Key Organizations
Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA)
San Francisco Homeless Outreach Team (SFHOT)
California Coalition for Rural Housing